Heating and cooling, phone, internet — these aren't luxuries for older adults. They're necessities. Several federal programs were specifically designed to make them affordable on a fixed income. The challenge is that most people don't know they exist.
Federal Utility Assistance Programs
LIHEAP — Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
The primary federal program for heating and cooling assistance. LIHEAP provides grants to help pay energy bills, cover emergency energy crises (like a shutoff), and fund weatherization improvements. Funded federally but administered by each state — program details, benefit amounts, and income limits vary.
Lifeline — Monthly Phone & Internet Discount
The FCC's Lifeline program provides a $9.25/month discount on phone service or broadband internet for qualifying households. On Tribal lands, the discount is $34.25/month. You qualify if your income is at or below 135% of the Federal Poverty Level, or if you participate in a qualifying program like Medicaid, SNAP, SSI, or Section 8.
Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)
The Department of Energy's WAP program funds free energy efficiency upgrades to homes of low-income households — insulation, air sealing, efficient heating and cooling systems, and more. The average weatherized home saves $372 a year in energy costs. Priority is given to households with members who are elderly (60+), have disabilities, or include children.
State Utility Assistance Programs
Nearly every state runs its own energy and utility assistance programs beyond federal LIHEAP funding. These vary widely — some pay electric bills directly, others offer senior-specific discounts on gas or water. Your state public utility commission and local Area Agency on Aging are the best places to find what's available in your area.
Qualifying for SNAP, Medicaid, or SSI usually makes you eligible for Lifeline automatically. You don't need a separate income verification — just proof of program participation. If you receive any of these benefits, contact your phone or internet provider and ask about Lifeline enrollment.
LIHEAP opens seasonally and funds run out fast. Most states open applications in October or November for winter heating assistance. Some also have summer cooling assistance that opens in spring. Contact your state LIHEAP office in September to be ready when the application period opens.
Find Every Utility Program You Qualify For
The free Benefits Checkup screens your income and location against LIHEAP, Lifeline, WAP, and state utility programs — along with Medicare, housing, food, and more.